The hybrid grade of zucchini Cavili F1 is one of the leaders in world breeding, as it attracts the attention of gardeners with several characteristics at once - ultra-early ripening, high yield, drought tolerance and delicate taste. Read more about the characteristics and cultivation of this hybrid read on.
Zucchini Cavili
Cavili squash is resistant to overriding
Squash Cavili has juicy pulp
Grade description
Zucchini Cavili F1 (Cavili F1) - a hybrid of Dutch breeding from the company Nunhems (Nunhems), which is suitable for cultivation in open ground and in greenhouse conditions. Its characteristics are presented in the following table:
Parameter | Description |
Ripening period | Hydride is ultra-early. This means that ripe fruits can be harvested already 40-45 days after the appearance of the first seedlings. |
Pollination | Cavili belong to a group of plants that have parthenocarpy, that is, zucchini is self-pollinated - it is able to form fruits without pollination (without the participation of pollinating insects). This property is especially useful for early crop cultivation in a greenhouse or in the open ground in the rainy season, when bees and other insects no longer fly. |
Bush characteristics | This type of zucchini refers to bush plants with small internodes. The bushes are compact, so small areas can be allocated under them. Their roots are close to the surface of the soil and occupy more space than the aboveground part of the plant. The bushes are covered with dark green leaves with whitish spots. Like the petioles, a prickly pubescence is visible on them. Orange flowers are large and bloom within 24 hours. On one bush, both male and female flowers bloom. |
Fruit Characteristics | On average, the weight of one fruit is 280-320 g, but sometimes specimens weighing up to 500 g are found. In length, they grow up to 16-22 cm. Homogeneous squashes are characterized by a regular cylindrical shape and have a thin skin of light green color. The pulp itself is white, has a delicate and juicy texture, as well as a high sugar content. It can be used in cooking, even raw. In addition, the fruits are suitable for canning. |
Benefit | The fruits are rich in vitamins (groups B, A, C, E), biotin, nicotinic acid and minerals (zinc, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus). Due to this, they have a positive effect on the human body - they normalize the water-salt balance, improve the digestive system, produce a diuretic and choleretic effect, lower cholesterol, and improve the condition of the skin. Thus, it is an excellent product for a dietary and balanced diet. |
Productivity | Despite the compactness of the bushes, with proper care, the yield is at least 7-9 kg per 1 sq. Km. m. The first crop can be harvested 1.5 months after emergence. The variety is characterized by the duration of the return of the fruit - they can be harvested almost all of July and half of August, and in some cases the plant forms fruits up to the cold weather. A distinctive characteristic of Cavili is the resistance of the fruits to overriding. Due to this untimely harvested zucchini, reaching a weight of 1.5 kg, retain all their taste. |
Growing Features | Zucchini Cavili unpretentious in growing, but needs light and warmth. If during growth stressful conditions (frequent rains, heat) prevail, then the fruits can form without pollination. The plant itself is resistant to powdery mildew. The variety is labeled F1, that is, it is a hybrid, and the gardener will not be able to independently collect seeds for planting next season. About 8-10 thousand seeds will be required per 1 hectare of land. Guaranteed their germination - 85-93%. |
Briefly about the characteristics of the Cavili hybrid is described as follows:
Methods and terms of landing
Zucchini of Dutch origin can be grown in two ways, on which the optimal timing of planting will depend:
- Through direct sowing in open ground. In warm regions, a crop can be easily grown in open ground by planting seeds in cultivated soil. Sowing work can be carried out in early May, if the air temperature reached + 18 ° C, and the soil warmed up to a depth of 5-7 cm to + 12 ° C. Depending on weather conditions, the landing can be carried out before the beginning of June.
- Seedling method. Cultivation of zucchini with this technology will allow you to get an early harvest. In this case, the seeds can be sown for seedlings in late April or early May. When the temperature stably settles above + 18 ° C, seedlings with 2-3 leaves can be transplanted to a permanent place at the rate of 3 shrubs per 1 sq. M. m
Regardless of the method of cultivating Cavili, to maximize the fruiting period, seeds or seedlings of zucchini can be planted in 2 or 3 doses. The time period is 2-3 weeks.
Where to plant zucchini?
A crop will bear fruit well only when cultivated in a suitable place, prepared in accordance with a number of rules.
Seat selection
The place for cultivating the vegetable marrow should be flat, well-lit by the sun and protected from the winds. It is better not to grow it in flooded and swampy areas, that is, it is desirable that groundwater does not pass close to the surface.
From the point of view of the mechanical composition of the soil, it should be light and with neutral acidity (pH 6.5-7). In this regard, fertile sandy and loamy soils are the best option. If necessary, its acidity can be reduced by adding powdered chalk or dolomite flour. The crop will bear fruit poorly on heavy, dense, depleted and cold soils.
It is equally important when choosing a place for growing zucchini to take into account crop rotation rules, according to which the best predecessors for it are such crops:
- potatoes;
- onion;
- cabbage;
- legumes;
- peas;
- tomato;
- winter wheat.
Inadmissible predecessors include:
- zucchini of any kind;
- squash;
- cucumbers
- pumpkins, etc.
Violation of crop rotation rules will lead to diseases and a decrease in crop yields.
Soil preparation
Having chosen the site, taking into account all the above recommendations, you can begin to prepare the soil, which should be carried out since the autumn to better saturate the earth with organic and mineral fertilizers. To do this, you need to dig a plot to a depth of 30-35 cm, removing all plant debris and weeds. At the same time, do not break the clods. For each sq. m fertile soil should make the following fertilizing:
- 6-8 kg of compost or rotted manure;
- 50-60 g of superphosphate;
- 50-60 g of potassium salt.
Many summer residents prefer to sow green manure after harvest, which, after cutting, rot under a layer of snow and saturate the soil, so re-fertilizing is no longer required in spring.
In the spring, 7 days before sowing, the earth should be dug up again to a depth of 25-27 cm, introducing nitrogen-based fertilizing - 50-60 g of ammonium nitrate per 1 sq. Km. To confirm the readiness of the soil for planting zucchini, you need to take a little fist into the fist, squeeze it slightly and throw it. If the lump crumbles, the soil is well prepared, and you can start sowing. If the waterlogged soil only collapses during the fall, it is worth taking a while to plant.
Dig the low-lying area to a depth of 15 cm and form beds with the following parameters:
- height - 20-30 cm;
- width - 100 cm;
- slope - to the south side for better warming up of the soil.
Zucchini will grow well on beds with insulation. To prepare them, you need to make grooves with a depth of 30 cm, in which to put compost and sprinkle it with a soil layer of 20 cm.
If the site was not properly cultivated in the fall, in the spring it should be fertilized in accordance with the type of soil:
Soil type | Fertilization per 1 sq. Km. m |
Peat | 3 days before planting, add 2 kg of compost, a bucket of sod, 1 g of superphosphate, 20 g of potassium sulfate and 8 g of ash. Dig the area and pour copper sulfate (5 g per 200 ml of infusion of chicken manure and 10 l of water) at the rate of 3 l per 1 sq. At the end, cover the bed with foil. |
Clayey | Add 3 kg of sand, sawdust, peat and humus. From mineral fertilizers, add 20 g of superphosphate, 18 g of nitrophosphate and 8 g of wood ash. |
Light loamy | To apply the same fertilizers as in the case of clay soil, but excluding sand. |
Sandy | Add 3 kg of sawdust and humus, as well as 2 buckets of turf and peat to retain moisture. Of mineral fertilizers, use the same as in the case of clay soil. |
Black earth | It is enough to fertilize with 3 buckets of turf, 0.5 buckets of sawdust, 40 g of superphosphate and 16 g of ash. |
Presowing seed treatment
Gardeners can use only purchased hybrid seeds, which are often sold after undergoing the necessary treatment, to cultivate Cavili zucchini in their home garden. Therefore, no special training is required. However, some people prefer to treat the seeds with the special nutritional composition Tiramine before planting. In this case, they will not need to be pre-soaked, since this procedure will only contribute to the washing off of this composition.
Sowing seeds in open ground
To get a good harvest, it is not necessary to plant many bushes. It is enough to grow several healthy and strong specimens on the site. The main thing is not to thicken the planting, since in this case the fruits will be poorly tied, which will negatively affect the productivity of the Dutch zucchini. The plant will feel good in the garden, if per 1 square. m place 3 bushes.
The optimal scheme for planting seeds in previously prepared soil is as follows:
- the depth of the holes is 5-6 cm;
- the distance between the holes is 70-80 cm;
- row spacing - 130-140 cm.
It is this planting scheme that will allow the bushes to fully develop. In each well, 3-4 seeds should be thrown with the sharp end down. Then they should be abundantly watered, sprinkled with earth and slightly tamped. It is advisable to mulch the top of the bed with a layer of sawdust, peat or chopped hay. Landing can be protected from possible return frosts also by a film cover.
The first shoots will appear in 7 days. If several seeds sprout in each hole, then you need to leave the strongest sprout, and the rest - cut off above ground level, and not pull out so as not to damage the sensitive nervous system of the plant.
Growing Cavili seedlings
This technology involves the preparation of seedlings in a greenhouse or in an apartment, which will need to be transplanted to a permanent place in the future. We consider each stage separately.
Seedling preparation
Seedlings do not tolerate picking, as this procedure significantly weakens their root system. It is best to grow them in separate containers - plastic or peat pots with a diameter of at least 20 cm. As for the nutrient mixture, you can buy it in a garden store or prepare it yourself by taking loose and nutritious soil from your own garden.
Growing seedlings is carried out according to the following instructions:
- Pour the soil mixture into the pots for seedlings and prepare the holes to a depth of 3-4 cm.
- In each well, toss 1 seed with a sharp tip down.
- Moisten the soil from the spray bottle and cover with glass or film, and then rearrange the pots on the windowsill of the sunny side.
- Until the first shoots, keep the seedlings at air temperature + 25 ... + 28 ° C. After 4-5 days, when the first sprouts appear, it is necessary to remove the protective coating and lower the temperature by a few degrees. It is important to water the soil in a timely manner to prevent the formation of a dry crust on the surface.
- With the advent of the first shoots, transfer the zucchini to a brighter place, otherwise they will stretch excessively. They do not need additional lighting.
- A week before transplanting into open ground, seedlings need to be hardened. To do this, the pots need to be rearranged in a cool room (balcony, porch), where the daytime temperature is kept within + 16 ... + 18 ° C, and the night one - not lower than + 13 ° C. Cold wind and drafts are unacceptable.
Open transplant
At the age of 20 days, seedlings with 2-3 real leaves can be transplanted to a permanent place. Before planting, you need to water the site abundantly and prepare the holes according to the 70x140 cm pattern. Young plants should be deepened by cotyledon leaves.
After planting, you need to cover the seedlings with a protective coating by pulling a dense transparent film on the arcs of wire. On sunny days, it must be regularly raised, gradually preparing the young plant for new growing conditions.
Features of growing zucchini in a greenhouse
In cool climatic regions, it is advisable to plant seeds in a greenhouse. To do this, you can use both the seedling method and direct sowing of seeds in the ground. The first technology is more attractive, since it allows to reduce the ripening period of fruits by almost 2 weeks. In any case, seeds and seedlings need to be planted according to the same scheme as in open ground. To increase productivity, the following recommendations should be considered:
- The soil in the greenhouse for zucchini needs to be prepared in the fall. To do this, you need to dig it and to fertilize to a depth of 8 cm - nitroammophoska, superphosphate and manure. If mineral dressings were not applied in the fall, they can be embedded directly into the wells, and then mixed with the ground. Under one plant, it is enough to add 30-40 g of nitroammophos. As for manure, it can only be made in advance.
- At the time of planting, the temperature of the soil should be within + 20 ... + 25 ° C, and of air - during the day + 23 ° C and at night not lower than + 14 ° C.
- During the development period, the plant can not be fed if all the nutrients have been introduced into the soil. This is due to the fact that in greenhouse conditions the aerial part of zucchini develops rapidly, and additional stimulation can only lead to the growth of leaves and shoots. In turn, this will negatively affect the formation of ovaries and the yield of the variety.
The method of growing Cavili in warm beds
In regions with a cool climate, such facilities as warm beds began to be very popular. Their advantages are as follows:
- allow you to get an early harvest;
- do not require fertilizer during the development of the plant;
- significantly facilitate the care of the bushes;
- protect the crop from the threat of freezing;
- involve planting both seeds and seedlings.
As a disadvantage of this method, one can single out the laboriousness of preparing the beds. This is done in this order:
- To build a wooden box with a height and a width of 50 cm. Install it in a well-lit place.
- At the bottom of the box, lay a fine-mesh mesh as a drainage layer on which to lay large organic debris that decomposes over a long period of time. It can be branches, rotten boards, cardboard and paper.
- Pour earth into a box with a layer of about 3 cm.
- On the ground throw plant waste in the form of weeds, mowed grass, rotten vegetables or other food debris. The optimal height of such a layer is 10-15 cm.
- Again fill the ground, but already with a layer of 10 cm.
- Spread manure up to 10 cm thick. It can also be replaced with vegetable waste.
- At the end, pour the earth with a layer of at least 20 cm.
Such a bed needs to be prepared in the fall, so that organic waste can properly decompose.In the spring, you can plant the Cavili squash according to the previously described methods.
Landing care
The Cavili hybrid is unpretentious in care, but requires the timely conduct of a number of agricultural activities. We will consider each of them separately.
Watering
The soil under the bushes should always be moderately moist, however, dampness should not be allowed to be diluted, since it can lead to the development of fungal diseases. Before fruiting zucchini should be watered once a week at a rate of 10-12 liters per 1 square. When the fruits begin to be tied, zucchini should be watered every 2-3 days at the rate of up to 15 liters per 1 sq. The soil must be kept moist at a depth of 20 cm.
For watering zucchini, you need to use well-maintained warm (25 ° C) water. In order to prevent decay of young ovaries, it is necessary to pour it only under the root.
Watering should be carried out in the evening, when solar activity is on the decline.
Loosening and mulching
For the first time, the soil needs to be loosened after emergence or for 2-3 days after planting seedlings in the ground. Further, this procedure must be carried out after watering or rain. Loosening should be light and superficial to prevent the appearance of a crust. Between the rows, the earth should be loosened to a depth of 14 cm, and under the bushes - 5 cm, since otherwise it would be possible to damage delicate roots close to the soil surface.
In the process of loosening, it is also necessary to weed the site, destroying all weed vegetation.
To prevent the rapid evaporation of moisture, you need to mulch the beds. For this purpose, the earth can be sprinkled with crushed hay, peat crumbs or sawdust, and then lightly tamped.
Thinning
If the zucchini grows on a shaded area, it is worth thinning its bushes so that the sun's rays can freely illuminate the entire landing. For these purposes, it is enough to remove several of the largest leaves. In particular, this procedure should be carried out during the flowering and setting of root crops.
To prevent rotting of zucchini, pieces of film or slate should be placed under them.
Top dressing
Cavili variety is enough to feed three times - during the formation of buds, at the flowering stage and in the fruit setting phase. If the soil has been properly treated, you can do with only organic fertilizing.
To prepare green fertilizer, 1/2 barrel should be filled with mowed grass or weeds, pour water to the brim and leave for a week, mixing daily. This composition must be filtered and diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 8. Water the plant at a rate of up to 1 liter per bush.
Such top dressing can be alternated with slurry, which will need to be diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10. Water the plant also at the rate of up to 1 liter per bush.
Fertilizers should be introduced only after watering the zucchini and under the root. In no case should droplets of solution be allowed to fall onto the tops, because after themselves they will leave burns dangerous for the whole plant.
Protection against diseases and pests
In order to protect the vegetable marrow from the invasion of pests and diseases, violations of crop rotation rules, thickened planting and waterlogging of the soil should not be allowed. However, even with proper agricultural practices, the plant may look sick. He can be struck by such ailments:
- Peronosporosis. Rounded or angular spots of white color appear on the leaves, which gradually expand their borders and turn brown. On the lower side they are covered with a touch of grayish-olive color. Over time, the tops crumble, leaving behind only cuttings. In the fight against the disease, the plant should be sprayed with a 0.2% suspension of Tsineb. Of other drugs, Barrier and Oxychom will help.
- Anthracnose. It appears on all aboveground parts of the vegetable marrow. On the fruit leaves indented spots of pale pink color. Yellow-brown spots appear on the leaves, which gradually grow, causing twisting and dying of the leaf plate. From anthracnose, zucchini should be sprayed with a 1% solution of Bordeaux fluid or a 0.4% suspension of copper oxychloride.
As for pests, for Cavili, the danger is represented by such insects:
- Spider mite. It sucks nutritious juices from the plant, which can lead to its complete death. It manifests itself in the form of small white dots and a light spiderweb on the leaves, especially on the underside. With a strong invasion of pests due to multiple damage, the plant turns white. Ticks can be controlled with the help of a number of drugs - Sparks, Confidor or Fosbetsida. With severe lesions, Karbofos will help. To scare away the tick, marigolds can be planted near the squash planting. Among folk remedies, a composition of 1 cup chopped onion, 1 tbsp. Will help. l hot red pepper and shavings of 1 bar of laundry soap per 10 liters of water.
- Gourd aphids. Pest colonies are located on the underside of foliage, on stems and ovaries. Aphids suck out juices from the plant, causing the tops to twist and the ovaries to fall. If you ignore such signs, the plant may dry. In the fight against pests during the growing season, the bushes should be sprayed with a solution of Karbofos (60 g per bucket of water).
In order to protect the planting of zucchini from various pests, in the autumn the site must be thoroughly cleaned of plant debris.
Harvesting and storage
It is necessary to pick fruits when they reach a length of 22 cm. Overgrown specimens, although they will not lose their taste, they will stop the growth and development of the bush, pulling the plant's strength onto itself. In turn, this will negatively affect yield.
If zucchini is supposed to be immediately consumed or processed, then they should be collected at a young age, cut right at the base. You can store such a crop for no longer than 14 days at a temperature of up to 2 ° C. After this period, the fruits will lose their taste, become rough and rot.
If you plan to lay zucchini for long-term storage, then you need to cut them in a ripened state along with a long peduncle. They can be stored in the cellar for up to 2 months, if spread out in one layer on a wooden floor, and sprinkle dry straw between them. Zucchini can also be stored in the apartment, but for this, each fruit will need to be wrapped in paper and kept on the balcony or in a cool dark place, away from the wall with a heating device. In the refrigerator, the vegetable can lie for up to a month.
Pros and Cons of Cavili
The advantages of this hybrid variety of zucchini are as follows:
- is ultra-precocious;
- has a compact size, so it does not take up much space on the bed;
- gives a plentiful harvest;
- differs in a long period of fruiting;
- not afraid of many fungal diseases, including powdery mildew;
- has a universal purpose.
Among the shortcomings, one can single out only that the variety is hybrid, so nothing can be grown from the collected seeds. So, seed material can only be purchased at a garden store.
Reviews
Lyudmila Petrovna, 45 years old. Together with other zucchini planted 3 seeds Cavili. They successfully ascended, the flowers turned out to be mainly female, and there were practically no empty flowers. Productivity was high. The fruits turned out to weigh under a kilogram, although it was written on the package that the zucchini should weigh no more than 320 g. The pulp is tasty and tender. Everyone can recommend this variety.
Alina Timofeevna, 52 years old. I grow Cavili every year. One of the most compact precocious varieties. The fruits are tasty and stored for a couple of months. I did not encounter any special difficulties in leaving.
Sergey Andreevich, 38 years old. Of the hybrid varieties of zucchini grown only Cavili. The fruits are tied early and abundantly, but it seemed to me that the bushes bear fruit in jerks, which is not very convenient. But the plant is compact and very neat, unpretentious in cultivation.
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The experience of growing Cavili varieties is described in the video below:
Cavili F1 is a popular Dutch selection for ultra-early mass production. The hybrid is attractive for many characteristics, especially parthenocarpy, high productivity indicators, marketability of fruits and a long fruiting period. Zucchini can be grown in a greenhouse or in the open field, with minimal effort to care for it.