The mushroom map of Russia is rich in many amazingly tasty species. The harvest period starts in early spring and ends in early December. Mushrooms in Krasnoyarsk are used in cooking and medicine, but to find them you need to know where they grow.
Mushroom map of Krasnoyarsk
Mushroom picking rules
There are many mushroom spots near Krasnoyarsk, since the city's area is covered with forests. During collection, it is important to follow certain rules to reduce the risk of poisoning or damage to the fruit:
- Do not collect fruit bodies near the road, landfills or in the industrial area of enterprises. Mushrooms absorb environmental toxins.
- You cannot pick mushrooms you are not familiar with. Some species are extremely toxic.
- Mushrooms affected by worms are left in the forest. Insects can make even edible species toxic.
- Harvested in a basket made from organic materials. Long-term presence of mushrooms in the bag will lead to their destruction and evaporation of the liquid.
- The legs are cut with a thin knife or carefully twisted out of the soil. Pulling out "by the roots" will damage the mycelium.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
As medical practice shows, those edible mushrooms that are collected near fertile agricultural fields can be hazardous to health. Experts clearly associate this with the fact that mushrooms are bioaccumulators and, like a sponge, they absorb and accumulate in their fruiting bodies all the "chemistry" that is either washed out of the soil during rains or blown away by the wind. Eating such "gifts of the forest" leads to severe manifestations and lesions of the kidneys and liver. Scientists confidently state that fungi infected with such toxic compounds lead to the development of oncological diseases even with minimal doses of their consumption, if it occurs for a long time (from several months to several years).
Overripe mushrooms are also dangerous for humans, in the body of which, as a result of the decomposition of organic compounds, toxins of a protein nature are formed. It is better to leave them in the forest to carry out a full cycle of substances in the biosphere.
Do not take mushrooms with mold developing on their surface or having rotten and flabby places in the basket. This is the so-called. "Sick mushrooms", which are almost completely seeded with pathogens. Their mycotoxins are able to withstand heating up to + 200 ℃ and freezing. Therefore, the risk is extremely high that having prepared such mushrooms, you can, at best, get to the hospital department.
Mushroom pickers recommend that beginners give preference to spongy species. There are much fewer poisonous varieties among them. In the mushroom areas of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, toxic species are represented mainly by lamellar species.
Oil
Oiler is a spongy mushroom, small to medium in size. The hat reaches 14 cm in diameter. Weight varies from 40 to 70 g. It belongs to the edible species.
A distinctive feature of oil is a slimy film that covers the cap of the fruiting body. The color of the cap is dark brown. The leg is yellowish, reaching 12 cm in height. The peak of fruiting occurs in June-July.
Application
It is widely used in cooking. Fruit bodies are fried, pickled and stewed. Also, on their basis, tinctures are made that contain natural antioxidants that have come into solution from mushrooms.
Poisonous doubles
The false oiler turns yellow after being cut. The leg of the poisonous analogue has a blue-violet tint. Also, the inedible double has a lamellar structure of the hymenophore, which is visible from the inner (lower, back) side of the cap.
Places of growth
Butters prefer pine forests. These mushrooms in the Krasnoyarsk Territory grow 5 km north of the village of Emelyanovo.
Also, representatives of these species are found in a kilometer zone in the east of the village of Pogorelka.
Milk mushrooms
Milk is a popular lamellar mushroom of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Most of the species are conditionally edible.
A white lump is suitable for collection. The diameter of a round cap is from 6 to 24 cm. There is a fleecy fringe around its perimeter. Fruit body weight - from 30 to 100 grams. The color of the cap is white with a yellowish tinge.
Milk mushrooms are suitable for conservation
Young mushrooms are distinguished by an even cap. With age, the surface of the cap forms a funnel. Fruiting lasts from July to October.
Application
Milk mushrooms are salted and pickled for the winter. These mushrooms are not suitable for consumption in another form due to their low taste. Before salting, fruit bodies must be boiled.
Poisonous doubles
White mushrooms in the Krasnoyarsk District have no false analogues. However, in nature there are species with a lower nutritional value:
- yellow milk mushrooms;
- bitter milk mushrooms;
- red-brown milk mushrooms.
The white lump is distinguished by the wet surface of the cap and the fringe on it.
Places of growth
White mushrooms grow in the vicinity of the city of Uyara. To find them, you should drive 25 km along the highway that goes to the Partizanskoye village. They are also found near the village of Arey.
The forests near the village of Sukhobuzimo are rich in milk mushrooms. They also meet along the road from the village of Bartat towards the village of Elovka and in the forest near the village of Kononovo.
Chanterelles
This lamellar representative of the mushroom kingdom grows in any part of the forest. The size of the cap is from 5 to 12 cm. The surface has a funnel. The height of the stem reaches 7 cm. The color of the fruiting body is from creamy white at the base to light orange closer to the cap.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
When collecting chanterelles, pay attention to the following points:
- If you just look at the outer side of the chanterelle cap, you will see that the hymenophore located there differs sharply in appearance from the spore-bearing layers of other lamellar fungi. It is precisely its features in structure (which is clearly visible visually) and the formation of spores that served as the basis for separating them into a separate family: instead of thin plates characteristic of agaric mushrooms, chanterelles have rather thick forked folds with rounded edges on the underside of the cap.
- It is also worth paying attention to how smoothly and imperceptibly the cap goes into the leg - without clearly defined boundaries.
Chanterelles are edible. Fruiting begins in May and lasts until mid-October. Autumn mushrooms are less nutritious, but better aesthetically. The fruiting body is not affected by worms.
Application
These mushrooms are used in many dishes. Chanterelles are eaten raw, fried, boiled and stewed. They are also often added to the filling of pies or pies along with minced meat. However, they are not suitable for pickling and pickling, as the fruit body is tender and quickly loses its structure after processing.
Poisonous doubles
False chanterelles have a richer orange color. The shape of the cap of the poisonous analogue is smoother, without torn edges.
The leg and cap of false chanterelles represent different parts of the fruiting body, while in ordinary chanterelles, the leg smoothly passes into the cap. When you press the pulp, the poisonous mushroom does not change its color, but the edible one turns red.
Places of growth
Chanterelles grow near the Krasnoyarsk Sea, in the vicinity of the village of Shchetinkino. Also, representatives of the species can be found near the village of Sukhobuzimo, after the first turn of the highway, which goes to the village of Tagarsky. A large number of myceliums are found in the forests of the village of Elita.
Champignons
Champignons are versatile in use
These mushrooms grow mainly in the fields due to nutritious organic fertilizing, as well as at the edges of the forest. Champignons are lamellar species. The size of the cap is from 2 to 10 in diameter itself. The color of the flesh is white, with a dark base under the plates.
They are classified as edible. The peak of fruiting occurs at the end of June, but the fruits are found until the beginning of September.
Application
Champignon is the most popular genus used in cooking. Mushrooms of this kind are suitable for pickling, frying and stewing. They are also eaten raw and pickled.
False doubles
The disadvantages for champignon include its similarity with a pale toadstool. This poisonous counterpart is fatal to humans.
There are several ways to tell a mushroom from a toadstool:
- The plates of the poisonous double are white. But the champignon has pink or brown components of the hymenophore.
- After damage, the flesh of the champignons turns light red or yellow. Toadstool does not have such changes.
- The pale toadstool (young) is odorless. The aroma of the champignons resembles anise or a nut.
Places of growth
The largest place for mushroom growth in the Krasnoyarsk region is the forest around the village of Ploskoye. It can be reached along the highway that passes through the village of Emelyanovo. From the village of Ploskoye, turn to the southeast and drive 5 km.
White mushrooms
Boletus is a striking representative of porcini mushrooms in Krasnoyarsk. The species is spongy. The mushroom cap can be up to 17 cm in diameter. Its color is dark brown. The leg is thickened, white, up to 8 cm in height. The cut flesh does not change color.
Boletus is edible. Fruiting begins in June and lasts until mid-November.
Application
Porcini mushrooms are valued on a par with truffles, but they are much easier to get. They are used in everyday cuisine and in the preparation of gourmet meals.
Boletus is well suited for pickling and pickling. This type of mushroom does not lose its taste and aroma after drying, on the contrary, they even increase significantly.
Mushrooms appeared in Krasnoyarsk
Mushrooms on the side of the road from Kozulka to Krasnoyarsk
The first mushrooms in Krasnoyarsk. How to find butter and milk mushrooms. Andrey Grishakov.
False doubles
The gall fungus is referred to the poisonous analogues of boletus. False boletus has a peculiarity: after cutting, its pulp quickly turns red, and its taste is very unpleasant. However, doctors do not recommend checking this.
Places of growth
In the Krasnoyarsk Territory, boletus is found in the forests of the Partizansky District. Also, the species is collected near the city of Uyar, in the northwestern part of the forest.
Conclusion
The Krasnoyarsk Territory is famous for its mushroom places. The entire region is covered with forests, which ensures their species diversity. To harvest a high-quality crop, you need to know the rules for collecting and poisonous analogues of edible mushrooms.